Update

Now Archived! PolarConnect event with Steve Kirsche and researchers Ian Baker and Eric Wagner from Summit Station in Greenland on Tuesday, 20 June 2017. You can access this and other events on the PolarConnect Archives site.

What Are They Doing?

Photo by Jim Pottinger
An ice core from a coring machine in Greenland. Photo by Jim Pottinger.
There is broad interest in understanding firn compaction for a number of reasons, most importantly for better interpretation of paleoclimate from air that becomes trapped within the firn (granular snow, especially on the upper part of a glacier, where it has not yet been compressed into ice). Firn densification involves a number of different mechanisms which leads to vapor movement. We will determine the mechanisms of firn densification and microstructural evolution as a function of depth using dynamic observations of the evolution of the firn using X-ray computed microtomography (µCT).

We will drill an 80-meter firn core at Summit, Greenland and transport it to Dartmouth University. After the field expedition, Steve will work with the team at the university, where we will perform experiments to observe changes based on temperature and stress (due to depth and load). In addition to observing the microstructure as a whole, we can follow the evolution of ice crystals to observe bond formation and bond-breaking under load in detail, as undertaken in some prior studies on snow.

Our project will aid in the understanding of firn and ice microstructure evolution in polar ice sheets. This will aid in understanding ice flow and interpreting paleoclimate reconstruction from ice cores.

Where Are They?

Photo by Craig Beals
A view of Summit, Greenland. Photo by Craig Beals.
The team will travel to Summit Station, located at the peak of the Greenland ice cap atop 3200 meters of ice. Summit is a scientific research station sponsored by the National Science Foundation that supports a diversity of scientific research, including year-round measurements of air-snow interactions that provide crucial knowledge for interpreting data from deep ice cores drilled both at Summit and elsewhere. Learn more about Summit at the Summit Station website.

Latest Journals

After school on Monday, I flew up to New Hampshire to spend a few days at Dartmouth College observing how the ice core samples we collected were to be tested. We spent most of yesterday and today working on setting up the equipment. Unfortunately, the micro-CT machine isn't operational and will…
Part of the conference was a field trip to Universal Studios. For the past two days, I have been in Orlando, FL at the Florida Association of Science Teachers (FAST) statewide conference. The FAST conference brings science teachers from all around the state together to share ideas and…
The temperatures in Florida are much higher than they were in Greenland! Home! After an amazing 4 week expedition I arrived home in St. Johns, Florida late last night. It was great to see my family and to sleep in my own bed. It is, however, also quite a bit hotter here! I will definitely miss…
After four weeks, the team boarded an LC-130 airplane in Kangerlussuaq for the trip home. The flight to Scotia, New York is about 6 hours long and there are 38 people coming back on this flight. The Air National Guard does a number of flight periods throughout the summer. They fly to Kangerlussuaq…
Dates
-
Location
Summit Station, Greenland
Project Funded Title
Dynamic Observations of the Microstructural Evolution of Firn
Steve Kirsche - Teacher
Teacher
Liberty Pines Academy

Steve graduated from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute with a degree in electrical engineering. He then served as a Surface Warfare Officer in the US Navy before becoming a stay at home dad while his wife completed her service in the Navy. After her retirement, he was excited to become a science teacher so he could pass on his love of science to his students. Steve teaches comprehensive and physical science to 7th and 8th grade students at Liberty Pines Academy in St. Johns, Florida where he has taught for five and a half years. He has taken part in programs with several organizations and corporations over the past three years to try to offer more robust STEM opportunities to his students. When not in the classroom, he coaches his school's cross country and robotics teams and enjoys running, spending time with his family, and geocaching.

Ian Baker - Researcher
Researcher
Dartmouth College

Ian has been on the Faculty at the Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College for 34 years. He has been working on the structure, chemistry, and properties of snow, firn, and ice cores for the last 30 years. This work has ranged from fundamental studies of defect behavior in ice, studied using synchrotron X-ray topography, to studies of impurity locations in firn and ice cores and the metamorphism of snow.

Eric Wagner - PhD Student
PhD Student
Dartmouth College

Eric Wagner is currently an Engineering PhD student at Dartmouth College in Hanover, NH. His research focuses on the microstructure of firn and the mechanics of firn evolution. This is of interest in determining how firn evolution contributes to ice sheet fabric development and interpretation of paleoclimate data where coarse-grained and fine-grained firn exhibit different pore close-off depths. When not in the lab, he enjoys hiking, biking and skiing.

Dynamic Observations of the Microstructural Evolution of Firn Resources

Overview

This lesson was created by 2017 PolarTREC teacher Steve Kirsche who took part in the Dynamic Observations of the Microstructural Evolution of Firn expedition. The lesson is intended to introduce students to the concepts of isostasy and postglacial rebound through a demonstration and related instruction. Students will then see how postglacial rebound is an important factor when assessing the

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Arctic
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High school and Up
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This article from a Jacksonville periodical, Jax4Kids, discusses a presentation made at the Florida Association of Science Teacher's statewide convention which was made by PolarTREC teachers Steve Kirsche and Adeena Teres.

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PolarTREC teachers Steve Kirsche and Adeena Teres presented to a group of teachers from around the state of Florida. This is the presentation that they gave at the 2017 Florida Association of Science Teachers (FAST) Statewide Conference on 20 October.

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Overview

This lesson is intended to introduce students to the concept of using ice core samples to learn about the past. Students will be “collecting” a sample from a model of ice. They will then evaluate the sample to see how the layers change as the depth changes.

Objectives

At the completion of this lesson, students will gain a greater

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Arctic
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Middle School and Up
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Local News interviews PolarTREC teacher Steve Kirsche to discuss his expedition to Summit Station, Greenland.

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The Adventure of a Lifetime

Last December when I found out that I was fortunate enough to be selected for the PolarTREC program, I had only a vague idea of the adventure that awaited me. I knew that I would be given the opportunity to go to the Arctic and do actual hands-on fieldwork with a small science team

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PolarTREC teacher Steve Kirsche, researcher Ian Baker and graduate student Eric Wagner discuss the research and life in the field as part of the PolarTREC expedition “Dynamic Observations of the Microstructural Evolution of Firn” based out of Summit Station, Greenland.

Local newspaper, Saint Johns Sun, reprints an article from the St. Augustine Record about PolarTREC teacher Steve Kirsche's upcoming trip.

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The Dartmouth Engineer Magazine profile Eric Wagner, the PhD candidate who is a member of the team going to Greenland. PolarTREC teacher Steve Kirsche is also mentioned in the article.

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Local news reporter from St. Augustine Record visits PolarTREC teacher Steve Kirsche and discusses his upcoming trip to Summit Station, Greenland.

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