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Microorganisms in Antarctic Glacier Ice

Meet the Team

Teacher - Lindsay Knippenberg

Lindsay Knippenberg's picture
South Lake High School
St. Clair Shores , Michigan
United States

Lindsay Knippenberg is a science teacher at South Lake High School north of Detroit, Michigan where one of her primary goals is to get her students involved in the community. She has bachelor’s degree in biological sciences from Michigan State University, and a master’s degree in environmental science from University of Michigan-Dearborn. As an undergraduate student Ms. Knippenberg participated in a research experience for undergraduates (REU) studying harbor seals in Glacier Bay, Alaska. Since that experience, glaciers and the organisms that live in cold climates have fascinated her.
Even though Ms. Knippenberg lives in the city, she loves to get away and reconnect with nature by hiking, camping, snowshoeing, and kayaking. She also enjoys photography, attending Detroit Tigers games, traveling with her husband, and taking her dog Yoda for walks. She hopes that through her experiences with PolarTREC, she will inspire her students to pursue careers within the field of science and also inspire them to step outside of their comfort zones and not be afraid to take risks and have new experiences.

Researcher - Mark Skidmore

Mark Skidmore's picture
Montana State University
Bozeman , Montana
United States

Mark Skidmore is an assistant professor of geology at Montana State University. Dr. Skidmore’s field research takes him to glaciers in Antarctica, the Swiss Alps, Alaska, the Yukon, Iceland, and Washington. He also conducts low temperature laboratory studies of microbial activity at near freezing temperatures. His current research focuses on the biogeochemical cycling and geomicrobiology of glacier systems and biogeochemical processes associated with geologic carbon dioxide (CO2) sequestration. 



Journals

November 24, 2009 My New Zealand Adventure

So you might have thought that I disappeared, but I didn't. I have just been enjoying beautiful New Zealand. I spent a couple of days with Amanda and Shawn in Christchurch and then we went off in different directions. Amanda and Shawn went North towards the Kaikoura Peninsula and Matt and I went...
So you might have thought that I disappeared, but I didn't. I have just been enjoying beautiful New Zealand. I spent a couple of days with Amanda and Shawn in Christchurch and then we went off in different directions. Amanda and Shawn went North towards the Kaikoura Peninsula and Matt and I went...

November 18, 2009 Back to Civilization

For the last couple of days I have been preparing to leave for Christchurch and then enjoying civilization once I got here. My journey home started with bag drag. Bag drag is when you drag all of your stuff up to Building 140 to be weighed and palleted for the plane the next day. I even had to get...
For the last couple of days I have been preparing to leave for Christchurch and then enjoying civilization once I got here. My journey home started with bag drag. Bag drag is when you drag all of your stuff up to Building 140 to be weighed and palleted for the plane the next day. I even had to get...

November 17, 2009 Almost a Success...

One of the cool things that you can do while in McMurdo is that you can sign-up for Delta trips. Deltas are big wheeled buses that are used to transport people across the ice. I took one to happy camper school and they are fun because the wheels are huge and you are so far off the ground. They are...
One of the cool things that you can do while in McMurdo is that you can sign-up for Delta trips. Deltas are big wheeled buses that are used to transport people across the ice. I took one to happy camper school and they are fun because the wheels are huge and you are so far off the ground. They are...

November 16, 2009 A Success

For the past two weeks Amanda and Shawn have been busy in the lab prepping and conducting their experiments and today they would find out if they were successful. They left the field a couple of days ahead of us so that they could get a head start on cleaning, melting, and filtering almost 300lbs...
For the past two weeks Amanda and Shawn have been busy in the lab prepping and conducting their experiments and today they would find out if they were successful. They left the field a couple of days ahead of us so that they could get a head start on cleaning, melting, and filtering almost 300lbs...

November 15, 2009 How Cold Are the Dry Valleys?

After living in the Dry Valleys of Antarctica for more than three weeks I will admit that they are cold, but how cold are they? We set up a data logger on our front porch to take temperature, relative humidity, and dew point readings every 6 hours to see how cold it was outside. In the following...
It might look cold, but how cold is it??? After living in the Dry Valleys of Antarctica for more than three weeks I will admit that they are cold, but how cold are they? We set up a data logger on our front porch to take temperature, relative humidity, and dew point readings every 6 hours to see...

Project Information

Biogeochemistry and Geomicrobiology of Taylor Glacier Basal Ice
McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica
5 October 2009
3 December 2009

Where are They?

The team will be camping on the shore of Lake Bonney, a permanently frozen saline lake in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica. The McMurdo Dry Valleys are located on the western coast of McMurdo Sound (77°00'S 162°52'E) and form the largest relatively ice-free area (approximately 4,800 square kilometers) on the continent. The perennially ice-covered lakes, frozen alpine glaciers, and extensive areas of exposed soil and permafrost within the McMurdo Dry Valleys are subject to low temperatures, limited snowfall, and salt accumulation. Lake Bonney is also the terminus of Taylor Glacier, where the team will conduct fieldwork in an ice tunnel they have carved using chainsaws.

What are they Doing?

Are microorganisms metabolically active in glacier ice? To address this exciting question, the research team will travel to the McMurdo Dry Valleys-one of the harshest environments on Earth-to study the biology, geology, and chemistry of basal ice-the dynamic layer of ice closest to the bedrock at the base of a glacier. The team will use a tunnel cut into the side of Taylor Glacier to reach the basal ice layer. Data collected from field measurements and laboratory experiments will help researchers understand the connections between available nutrients, geochemical properties, and gas composition. This information will be used to see if there is evidence for metabolism of microorganisms living in the ice and to link this to the types of cells present.

In addition, the research team will be investigating the similarities and differences among microorganisms in different types of ice within the basal ice zone. Some layers in the basal ice zone are clear and have little sediment. Other layers have high concentrations of debris The basal ice zones of polar glaciers show similarities with the layered deposits evident in images of the northern ice cap on Mars. The findings from this project may be of interest to scientists studying potential habitats for microbial life on Mars and on the survival in of microorganisms in ice because the frozen environments in Antarctica and Mars may have many similarities.

Resources

Title Date About Type
Who Will Melt First? Overview Even in Antarctica ice will melt. As the sun stays higher and higher in the sky as summer... Lesson
Do Microorganisms Live in Antarctica? Overview We know that we have lots of microorganisms growing where we live, but can microorganisms... Lesson
Is There Salt in a Glacier? Overview For this experiment, we are going to melt dirty ice (ice with lots of sediment/dirt in it... Lesson
McMurdo Station with Lindsay Knippenberg 12 November 2009 This Live from IPY! Event was was held with Lindsay Knippenberg who discussed her recent research... Event
South Lake teacher to explore Antarctica 30 September 2009 Article about Lindsay Knippenberg's PolarTREC expedition to Antarctica. Article
Teacher Prepares for Antarctic Odyssey 23 September 2009 PolarTREC teacher, Lindsay Knippenberg, describes her upcoming trip in this short video/article... Article

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